The Netherlands has the Highly Skilled Migrant scheme (Kennismigrant) for professionals with a recognized Dutch employer. There's also the DAFT treaty (Dutch American Friendship Treaty) — but for Algerians, the Kennismigrant or EU Blue Card are the main options. The 30% tax ruling can make your salary much more attractive.
Fees: €210 visa + €345 IND application fee
Processing time: 2-4 weeks (fast-track for recognized sponsors)
Visa center in Algeria: VFS Global — Algiers
Find a Dutch employer who is a recognized IND sponsor (most large companies are). They handle most of the application for you through the IND. You then apply for your visa at VFS Global in Algiers.
Estimated duration: 2-4 weeks after employer files